Iphampu ye-Roots idala i-vacuum isebenzisa ama-rotor amabili aphikisayo, ane-lobed. Lawa ma-rotor abamba igesi endaweni yokungena futhi ayihambise endaweni yephampu ngaphandle kokucindezelwa kwangaphakathi. Lokhu kudluliswa okuqhubekayo, kwesivinini esikhulu sama-molecule egesi kunciphisa ingcindezi, kufinyelela ama-vacuum aphansi njengo-10⁻⁵ mbar ngokusekelwa okufanele. Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yephampu ye-vacuum emhlabeni kugqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo.
Imikhakha eminingi ebucayi ithembele kuIphampu ye-vacuum yezimpande, okuhlanganisa:
• Imboni ye-semiconductor: Ngezinqubo ezifana nokufakwa kwefilimu encane kanye nokushumeka.
• Imboni Yamakhemikhali: Ezitshalweni ezifana nokucwiliswa kweziphuzo kanye nokomisa.
• Imboni Yezokwelapha: Okokuhlunga kwe-vacuum nokomisa iqhwa.
Ukusebenza Kwangaphakathi Kwephampu Yokuhlanza Izimpande
Iphampu ye-Roots vacuum isebenza ngomgomo olula kodwa osebenza kahle kakhulu. Indlela yayo yangaphakathi ihambisa igesi isuka endaweni yokungena iyiyise endaweni ngaphandle kokuyicindezela ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokumpompa. Le nqubo incike ekunyakazeni okuvumelanisiwe kwezingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisebenza ngokuvumelana okuphelele.
Umjikelezo Wokusebenza onezinyathelo ezine
Isenzo sokumpompa senzeka ngokuqhubekayo, umjikelezo wezinyathelo ezine ophinda izinkulungwane zezikhathi ngomzuzu. Amarotha esimanje angaphenduka ngesivinini ukusuka ku-3,000 kuye ku-6,000 RPM. Lesi sivinini esikhulu sivumela iphampu ukuthi ihambise inqwaba yegesi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Okuthathayo: Njengoba ama-rotor amabili ane-lobed ezungeza ezinhlangothini eziphambene, iphakethe lesikhala liyavuleka endaweni yokungena yepompo. Igesi eliphuma ku-vacuum chamber ligelezela kulo mthamo okhulayo.
Ukuzihlukanisa: Ithiphu ye-rotor lobe idlula imbobo yokungena. Lesi senzo sibamba umthamo othile wegesi phakathi kwerotha nendlu yephampu.
Ukudlulisa: Iphakethe legesi elivalelekile libe selishanela ngaphakathi kwendlu libheke lapho kuphuma khona. Isici esibalulekile sepompo ye-Roots vacuum ukuthi ayiminyanisi le gesi ngesikhathi sokudlulisa. Lokhu kusebenza okungathinteki, okungenawo uwoyela kuyenza ingazweli amanani amancane othuli noma umhwamuko wamanzi.
I-Exhaust: I-rotor iyaqhubeka nokujika, iveza iphakethe legesi endaweni yokuphuma. Khona-ke igesi inweba emgqeni wokukhipha umoya, lapho iphampu yokusekela iwususa khona ohlelweni. Lo mjikelezo uyaphinda, uhambisa igesi ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka e-inlet kuya lapho uphuma futhi wehlisa ingcindezi yesistimu.
Qaphela: Nakuba isebenza kahle kakhulu kumagesi amaningi, amandla okumunca wepompo ye-Roots aphansi kumagesi alula njenge-hydrogen uma eqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zephampu.
Izingxenye Eziyinhloko kanye Nemisebenzi Yazo
Ukusebenza okuthembekile kwephampu ye-Roots kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa ezibalulekile eziklanywe ngokunemba okuphezulu.
Ama-rotor: Iphampu ihlanganisa ama-rotor amabili axhumene, anama-lobed (ngokuvamile amise okomfanekiso wesishiyagalombili). Umumo, noma iphrofayili, yalezi zingxenye zithinta ngqo ukusebenza. Imiklamo ehlukene inikeza ukuhwebelana phakathi kwejubane lokumpompa nokusebenza kahle. Ama-rotor ama-Helical, isibonelo, asiza ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwengcindezi nomsindo wokusebenza.
| Uhlobo lwephrofayela ye-Rotor | I-Pumping Speed Advantage | Isilinganiso Sokusetshenziswa Kwevolumu |
|---|---|---|
| Inoveli eyi-elliptical | Izikhathi ezi-1.5 ukuphakama kune-elliptical ephezulu | Phezulu |
| I-elliptical ephezulu | Ukusebenza okujwayelekile | Isondela ku-55% |
Izindlu (Casing): Lona umzimba wangaphandle ovale ama-rotor. Yakhelwe ukumelana nomehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwesistimu ye-vacuum kanye nomkhathi. Izinto ezisetshenziselwa izindlu nama-rotor zincike ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza zokumelana nokugqwala, amandla, kanye nezindleko.
| Okubalulekile | Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko | Izicelo Ezivamile |
|---|---|---|
| Insimbi | Amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle, kuyabiza. | Izimboni ezijwayelekile, amakhemikhali, kanye nokucubungula ukudla. |
| Insimbi engagqwali | Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, izakhiwo ezihlanzekile. | Imithi, i-semiconductor, nemishini yezokwelapha. |
| I-aluminium Alloy | I-lightweight, i-conductivity enhle ye-thermal. | I-Aerospace, yezimoto, namasistimu amaphampu aphathwayo. |
Amagiya Esikhathi: Akhiwe ngaphandle kwegumbi lokumpompa, amagiya esikhathi abalulekile. Bavumelanisa ama-rotor amabili, baqinisekise ukuthi baphenduka babheke ezinhlangothini ezihlukene ngaphandle kokuthintana noma ukuthinta izindlu. Lokhu kuvumelanisa kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okungaxhunywanga kwephampu.
I-Shaft Seals: Izivalo zivimbela umoya ukuthi ungangeni egunjini le-vacuum futhi zimise izinto zokugcoba ekungcoliseni inqubo. Ukukhethwa kwe-seal kuncike ezingeni elidingekayo le-vacuum kanye nesicelo.
| Uhlobo Lophawu | Indlela | Kuhle kakhulu |
|---|---|---|
| I-Labyrinth Seal | Isebenzisa indlela eyinkimbinkimbi ukumisa ukugeleza; akekho othintana naye. | Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinesivinini esikhulu lapho kudingeka khona ukugqokwa kweqanda. |
| Mechanical Seal | Isebenzisa ubuso obubili obuphucuzeke kakhulu, obugcwele intwasahlobo. | Izidingo zomfutho ophezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nokuvuza okuphansi. |
| I-Magnetic Fluid Seal | Isebenzisa uketshezi kazibuthe ukuze kwakheke umgoqo ophelele. | Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezine-vacuum ephezulu ezidinga ukuvuza okuyiziro. |
Ukubaluleka Kokusulwa Okunembayo
Igama elithi "clearance" libhekisela ezikhala ezincane, ezibaliwe phakathi kwama-rotor naphakathi kwama-rotor kanye nezindlu. Lezi zikhala ziyimfihlo yempumelelo yephampu. Bavumela ama-rotor ukuthi ajikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu ngaphandle kokungqubuzana, okunikeza izinzuzo eziningi:
Ukuqala okusheshayo
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi
Isivinini sokumpompa esiphezulu
Izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza nezokulungisa
Kodwa-ke, lezi zinyathelo kufanele zithathwe ngokucophelela. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, iphampu ikhiqiza ukushisa. Lokhu kushisa kubangela ukuba izingxenye zensimbi zande, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukunwetshwa kokushisa. Njengoba ama-rotor kanye nezindlu zanda, ukuvunyelwa phakathi kwabo kuyancipha.
Isexwayiso: Uma ukucaciswa kuba kuncane kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda okushisayo noma ukuhlangana okungalungile, ama-rotor angathintana noma axhumane nendlu. Lokhu kuholela ekulimazeni, ukulimala kwengxenye, ukwanda kwemoto, kanye nokubanjwa kwephampu okungenzeka. Ngokuphambene, ukucaciswa okukhulu kakhulu kuvumela igesi ukuthi ivuze ihlehle isuka lapho iphuma iye endaweni yokungena, okunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwephampu.
Ukukhetha okufanele kobunjiniyela nezinto ezibonakalayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi iphampu ye-Roots vacuum igcina ukucaciswa okufanelekile kulo lonke izinga lokushisa layo lokusebenza, iletha ukusebenza okuthembekile nokusebenza kahle.
Ukucushwa Kwesistimu: Ukusekela ngokuqhathaniswa namaphampu ezigaba eziningi
Iphampu ye-Roots iyisithuthukisi esinamandla, kodwa ayikwazi ukusebenza yodwa. Idinga ukucushwa kwesistimu ethile ukuze ifinyelele amandla ayo aphelele. Iphampu ihambisa igesi kahle kodwa ayiyiminyanisi ngokwanele ukuze ikhiphele ngqo emkhathini. Lo mkhawulo udinga ukusetshenziswa kwephampu esekelayo noma ukuhlelwa kwezigaba eziningi.
Kungani Kudingeka Iphampu Esekelayo
Iphampu ye-Roots idinga iphampu esekelayo ukuze ibambe umbhobho wayo. Iphampu esekelayo ixhuma lapho kuphuma khona iphampu ye-Roots. Ithatha igesi edlulisiwe futhi iyicindezele kumfutho womkhathi, iqedela inqubo yokuphuma. Lokhu kubambisana kuvumela uhlelo ukuthi lufinyelele ama-vacuum ajulile ngempumelelo. Ukukhethwa kwepompo yokusekela kuncike kuhlelo oluthile kanye nezinga le-vacuum oyifunayo.
Uthi bewazi? Iphampu esekelayo ibizwa nangokuthi ipompo eyinhloko ngoba yenza umsebenzi wokugcina wokukhipha igesi ohlelweni.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamaphampu asekelayo zihlanganisa:
Amaphampu e-rotary vanezigaba ezimbili
Amaphampu emishini evalwe ngamafutha
Amaphampu ama-valve wamaslayidi ezigaba ezimbili
Amaphampu evacuum ayindandatho ewuketshezi
Indlela Amaphampu Ezigaba Eziningi Asebenza Ngayo
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izingcindezi eziphansi kakhulu, onjiniyela baxhuma amaphampu amaningi ngochungechunge. Lokhu kudala isistimu ye-Roots Vacuum Pump enezigaba eziningi. Kulokhu kusetha, ukuphuma kwepompo yokuqala kuphakela i-inlet yesibili, njalonjalo. Isigaba ngasinye esilandelanayo sehlisa ingcindezi ngokuqhubekayo. Iphampu yokugcina esekelayo isadingeka ekugcineni kweketango ukuze ikhiphe igesi emkhathini.
Lezi zinhlelo ezinamandla zibalulekile ezimbonini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu nezifuna ngamandla. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zifaka:
Ukukhiqiza I-Semiconductor: Ngezinqubo ezifana ne-Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), kanye ne-etching.
I-Aerospace: Amagumbi okulingisa emkhathini nokuhlola ingxenye.
Amandla Amasha: Okwenza amaphaneli elanga namabhethri.
Iphampu ye-Roots vacuum ihamba phambili ekudluliselweni kwegesi enesivinini esikhulu kunokuminyanisa kwangaphakathi. Idizayini yayo elula, engathinteki idala i-booster enamandla yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanzekile, eziphuma phambili. Amaphampu esimanje manje ahlanganisa amamotho awonga amandla kanye nezinzwa ezihlakaniphile, aphusha ukusebenza nakakhulu ezimbonini ezidinga kakhulu ezidinga amasistimu wokuvala athembekile nasebenza kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-28-2025