Onjiniyela benza usayizi wephampu yegiya besebenzisa izibalo eziyinhloko ezimbili. Baqale banqume ukususwa okudingekayo kusuka kuzinga lokugeleza kwesistimu (GPM) nesivinini somshayeli (RPM). Okulandelayo, babala amandla okufakwayo adingekayo besebenzisa izinga lokugeleza kanye nokucindezela okukhulu (PSI). Lezi zinyathelo zokuqala zibalulekile phambi kwakhothenga iphampu yegiya.
Amafomula Wokulinganisa Okubalulekile:
Ukususwa (in³/rev) = (Izinga Lokugeleza (GPM) x 231) / Isivinini Sephampu (RPM)
Amandla Amahhashi (HP) = (Izinga Lokugeleza (GPM) x Ingcindezi (PSI)) / 1714
Ukulinganisa Iphampu Yakho Yegiya: Izibalo zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Ukulinganisa kahle iphampu yegiya kuhilela inqubo, yesinyathelo nesinyathelo. Onjiniyela balandela lezi zibalo eziyisisekelo ukuze bafanise iphampu nezidingo ezithile zesistimu ye-hydraulic. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kusebenza kahle nangokuthembekile.
Nquma Isilinganiso Sokugeleza Esidingekayo (GPM)
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthola izinga lokugeleza elidingekayo, likalwa ngamalitha ngomzuzu (GPM). Leli nani limelela ivolumu yoketshezi ipompo okufanele ilethe ukuze isebenzise ama-actuator esistimu, njengamasilinda asebenza ngamanzi noma amamotho, ngesivinini esihlosiwe.
Unjiniyela unquma okudingekayoGPMngokuhlaziya izidingo zokusebenza zesistimu. Izici ezibalulekile zifaka:
Isivinini se-Actuator: Isivinini esifunekayo ukuze isilinda sinwetshwe noma sihoxiswe.
Usayizi We-Actuator: Ivolumu yesilinda (ububanzi obubhorekile nobude be-stroke).
Isivinini Sezimoto: Ukuguqulwa okuhlosiwe ngomzuzu (RPM) ye-hydraulic motor.
Isibonelo, isilinda esikhulu sokucindezela i-hydraulic okufanele sihambe ngokushesha sizodinga izinga lokugeleza eliphakeme kunesilinda elincane elisebenza kancane.
Khomba isivinini sokusebenza kwephampu (RPM)
Okulandelayo, unjiniyela uhlonza isivinini sokusebenza somshayeli wephampu, esikalwa ngama-revolution ngomzuzu (RPM). Umshayeli ungumthombo wamandla ophendula umgodi wephampu. Lokhu ngokuvamile injini kagesi noma injini evuthayo yangaphakathi.
Ijubane lomshayeli liwuphawu olungaguquki lwemishini.
I-Electric Motors e-United States ivamise ukusebenza ngesivinini esingajwayelekile esingu-1800 RPM.
Izinjini Zegesi noma Zedizili zinebanga lejubane eliguquguqukayo, kodwa iphampu ilinganiswa ngokususelwe ekusebenzeni kahle kwenjini noma okuvamile.RPM.
LokhuRPMinani libalulekile ekubalweni kokususwa.
Bala Ukususwa Kwephampu Okudingekayo
Njengoba kwaziwa izinga lokugeleza nesivinini sepompo, unjiniyela angakwazi ukubala ukususwa kwephampu okudingekayo. I-Displacement umthamo woketshezi ipompo elihambayo ngokuphenduka okukodwa, kukalwa ngamayintshi ayi-cubic inguquko ngayinye (ku³/rev). Usayizi wetiyori wephampu.
Ifomula Yokuthutha:Ukususwa (in³/rev) = (Izinga Lokugeleza (GPM) x 231) / Isivinini Sephampu (RPM)
Isibonelo Ukubala: Isistimu idinga u-10 GPM futhi isebenzisa injini kagesi egijima ngo-1800 RPM.
Ukufuduka = (10 GPM x 231) / 1800 RPM Ukufuduka = 2310 / 1800 Ukususwa = 1.28 in³/rev
Unjiniyela uzosesha iphampu yegiya enokususwa okungaba ngu-1.28 in³/rev.
Thola i-Maximum System Pressure (PSI)
Ingcindezi, ikalwa ngamaphawundi ngeyintshi yesikwele (I-PSI), imele ukumelana nokugeleza ngaphakathi kwesistimu ye-hydraulic. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ipompo ayidali ingcindezi; kudala ukugeleza. Ingcindezi ivela lapho lokho kugeleza kuhlangabezana nomthwalo noma imikhawulo.
Ubukhulu bengcindezi yesistimu bunqunywa izici ezimbili eziyinhloko:
Umthwalo: Amandla adingekayo ukuhambisa into (isb, phakamisa isisindo, qinisa ingxenye).
Isethingi Yevaluvu Yokusiza Yesistimu: Le valve iyingxenye yokuphepha evala ukucindezela ezingeni eliphezulu eliphephile ukuze kuvikelwe izingxenye.
Unjiniyela ukhetha iphampu elinganiselwe ukumelana nale ngcindezi ephezulu yokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo.
Bala Amandla Wokufaka Adingekayo
Isibalo sokugcina esiyinhloko sinquma amandla okufakwayo (HP) okudingekayo ukushayela iphampu. Lesi sibalo siqinisekisa ukuthi injini kagesi ekhethiwe inamandla anele okusingatha izimfuno eziphezulu zesistimu. Amandla ehhashi anganele azobangela umshayeli ukuthi amise noma ashise ngokweqile.
Ifomula ye-Horsepower:Amandla Amahhashi (HP) = (Izinga Lokugeleza (GPM) x Ingcindezi (PSI)) / 1714
Isibonelo Ukubala: Isistimu efanayo idinga u-10 GPM futhi isebenza ngengcindezi enkulu engu-2500 PSI.
Amandla amahhashi = (10 GPM x 2500 PSI) / 1714 Amandla amahhashi = 25000/1714 Amandla amahhashi = 14.59 HP
Uhlelo ludinga umshayeli okwazi ukuletha okungenani i-14.59 HP. Unjiniyela kungenzeka akhethe usayizi olandelayo ojwayelekile phezulu, njengemoto eyi-15 HP.
Lungisa Ukungasebenzi Kwephampu
Amafomula okususwa kanye namandla amahhashi acabanga ukuthi iphampu isebenza ngo-100%. Eqinisweni, ayikho ipompo engenasici. Ukungasebenzi kahle okuvela ekuvuzeni kwangaphakathi (ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric) kanye nokungqubuzana (ukusebenza kahle kwemishini) kusho ukuthi kudingeka amandla amaningi kunabaliwe.
Onjiniyela kufanele balungise izibalo zamandla amahhashi ukuze baphendule ngalokhu. Ukusebenza kahle kwephampu ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-80% no-90%. Ukuze kunxeshezelwe, bahlukanisa amandla ehhashi athiyori ngokusebenza kahle okulinganiselwe kwephampu.
Ithiphu Yochwepheshe: Umkhuba olandelanayo nophephile ukuthatha ukusebenza kahle sekukonke okungama-85% (noma 0.85) uma idatha yomkhiqizi ingatholakali.
I-HP Yangempela = I-HP Ethiyori / Ukusebenza Ngempumelelo Kukonke
Ukusebenzisa isibonelo sangaphambilini:I-HP Yangempela = 14.59 HP / 0.85 I-HP Yangempela = 17.16 HP
Lokhu kulungiswa kubonisa isidingo samandla sangempela. Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa ukubaluleka kwalesi sinyathelo.
| Uhlobo lokubala | Amandla Amahhashi adingekayo | Imoto Enconyiwe |
|---|---|---|
| Ithiyori (100%) | 14.59 HP | 15 hp |
| Okwangempela (85%) | 17.16 HP | 20 hp |
Ukwehluleka ukulandisa ngokungasebenzi kungaholela unjiniyela ukuthi akhethe injini engu-15 HP, ezobe ingaphansi kwamandla ohlelo. Ukukhetha okulungile, ngemuva kokulungiswa, injini engu-20 HP.
Ukucwenga ukukhetha kwakho nokuthi uthenge kuphi iphampu yegiya
Izibalo zokuqala zinikeza usayizi wephampu wethiyori. Nokho, izimo zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela zidinga ukucwengwa okwengeziwe. Onjiniyela bacabangela izici ezifana nezakhiwo eziwuketshezi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwengxenye ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi iphampu ekhethiwe isebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlola kokugcina kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuba inhlangano inqume ukuthenga iphampu yegiya.
Ukuthi I-Fluid Viscosity Kuthinta Kanjani Ukulinganisa
I-fluid viscosity ichaza ukumelana koketshezi nokugeleza, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukushuba kwalo. Lesi sici sithinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwepompo kanye nosayizi.
I-Viscosity Ephezulu (I-Thick Fluid): Uketshezi olujiyile, njengowoyela we-hydraulic obandayo, lunyusa ukumelana nokugeleza. Iphampu kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuhambisa uketshezi, okuholela esidingweni samandla amahhashi aphezulu. Unjiniyela angase adinge ukukhetha injini enamandla kakhulu ukuze avimbele ukuma.
I-Viscosity Ephansi (I-Thin Fluid): Uketshezi oluncane lukhulisa ukuvuza kwangaphakathi, noma "ukushelela," ngaphakathi kwepompo. Uketshezi olwengeziwe luyashelela ludlule amazinyo egiya lusuka ohlangothini olukhipha ingcindezi ephezulu luye ohlangothini olungenisa umfutho ophansi. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuphuma kokugeleza kwangempela kwephampu.
Qaphela: Unjiniyela kufanele abheke imininingwane yomkhiqizi. Idatha izokhombisa ububanzi be-viscosity obamukelekayo bemodeli ethile yepompo. Ukuziba lokhu kungaholela ekugugeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ekuhlulekeni kwesistimu. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile lapho ulungiselela ukuthenga iphampu yegiya.
Indlela Izinga Lokusebenza Ezithinta Ngayo Ukusebenza
Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza lithonya ngokuqondile i-viscosity yoketshezi. Njengoba i-hydraulic system ishisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza, uketshezi luba luncane.
Unjiniyela kufanele ahlaziye lonke ibanga lokushisa lohlelo lokusebenza. Isistimu esebenza endaweni ebandayo izoba nezimo zokuqala ezihluke kakhulu kuneyodwa efektri eshisayo.
| Izinga lokushisa | I-Viscosity ye-Fluid | Umthelela Wokusebenza Kwephampu |
|---|---|---|
| Phansi | Phezulu (Kukhulu) | Ukwanda kwesidingo samandla amahhashi; ingozi ye-cavitation. |
| Phezulu | Phansi (Zacile) | Ukushelela kwangaphakathi okwandisiwe; ukunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric. |
Ukukhethwa kwepompo kufanele kuhambisane ne-viscosity ephansi kakhulu (izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lisaletha izinga lokugeleza elidingekayo. Lokhu ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kunoma ngubani ofuna ukuthenga iphampu yegiya endaweni enzima kakhulu.
I-Accounting ye-Volumetric Efficiency
Ifomula yokususa ibala okukhiphayo kwetiyori yephampu. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-Volumetric kuveza okukhiphayo kwangempela. Isilinganiso sokugeleza kwangempela okulethwa yiphampu ekugelezeni kwayo kwethiyori.
Ukugeleza Kwangempela (GPM) = Ukugeleza Kwethiyori (GPM) x Ukusebenza Kwevolumu
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-Volumetric akukaze kube ngu-100% ngenxa yokuvuza kwangaphakathi. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kuyehla njengoba umfutho wesistimu ukhula ngoba ingcindezi ephezulu iphoqa uketshezi oluningi ukuthi lushelele ludlule egiyeni. Iphampu yegiya elisha elijwayelekile linomthamo wevolumu engama-90-95% ngengcindezi elinganiselwe.
Isibonelo: Iphampu inomphumela wethiyori ongu-10 GPM. Ukusebenza kwayo kwe-volumetric ekucindezelweni kokusebenza kungu-93% (0.93).
Ukugeleza Kwangempela = 10 GPM x 0.93 Ukugeleza Kwangempela = 9.3 GPM
Uhlelo luzothola kuphela i-9.3 GPM, hhayi i-10 GPM ephelele. Unjiniyela kufanele akhethe iphampu yokuthutha ethe ukukhudlwana ukunxephezela lokhu kulahlekelwa futhi afinyelele izinga lokugeleza eliqondiwe. Lokhu kulungiswa kuyisinyathelo esingaxoxiswana ngaphambi kokuthenga iphampu yegiya.
Abakhiqizi Nabahlinzeki Bezinga eliphezulu
Ukukhetha iphampu kumkhiqizi onedumela elihle kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi, ukwethembeka, kanye nokufinyelela kudatha enemininingwane yobuchwepheshe. Onjiniyela bayayethemba le mikhiqizo ngokusebenza kwayo okuqinile nokusekelwa okuphelele. Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuthenga iphampu yegiya, ukuqala ngala magama kuyisu elizwakalayo.
Abakhiqizi Bephampu Yegiya Abahamba phambili:
• I-Parker Hannifin: Inikeza inhlobonhlobo yamaphampu egiya ensimbi ne-aluminium aziwa ngokuqina kwawo.
• I-Eaton: Ihlinzeka ngamaphampu egiya asebenza kahle kakhulu, okuhlanganisa amamodeli adizayinelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifunwayo zamaselula nezimboni.
• I-Bosch Rexroth: Yaziwa ngamaphampu egiya angaphandle akhiwe ngokunemba aletha ukusebenza okuphezulu nempilo ende yesevisi.
• I-HONYTA: Umhlinzeki ohlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zamaphampu egiya abhalansisa ukusebenza nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwezindleko.
• I-Permco: Isebenza ngokukhethekile kumaphampu egiya le-hydraulic anengcindezi ephezulu namamotho.
Laba bakhiqizi bahlinzeka ngemininingwane yedatha ebanzi enamajika okusebenza, izilinganiso zokusebenza kahle, nemidwebo enobukhulu.
Imibandela Ebalulekile Yokuthenga
Ukwenza isinqumo sokugcina sokuthenga kuhilela okungaphezu nje kokufanisa ukufuduka namandla amahhashi. Unjiniyela kufanele aqinisekise imibandela embalwa ebalulekile ukuze aqinisekise ukuhambisana nempumelelo yesikhathi eside. Ukuhlola okuphelele kwale mininingwane kuyisinyathelo sokugcina ngaphambi kokuthenga iphampu yegiya.
Qinisekisa Izilinganiso Zokusebenza: Hlola kabili ukuthi isilinganiso esiphezulu sokucindezela kwephampu sidlula ingcindezi edingekayo yesistimu.
Hlola Ukucaciswa Kwendawo: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-flange yephampu ikhweza, uhlobo lwe-shaft (isb., okufakwe ukhiye, okuhlukanisiwe), nosayizi bembobo bafana nomklamo wesistimu.
Qinisekisa Ukuhambelana Koketshezi: Qinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokuvala zephampu (isb, i-Buna-N, i-Viton) zihambisana noketshezi olusebenzisa amanzi amaningi olusetshenziswayo.
Buyekeza Amashidi Edatha Omkhiqizi: Hlaziya amajika okusebenza. Lawa magrafu abonisa ukuthi ukugeleza nokusebenza kahle kushintsha kanjani ngesivinini nokucindezela, anikeze isithombe sangempela samakhono ephampu.
Cabangela Umjikelezo Womsebenzi: Iphampu yokusebenza okuqhubekayo, 24/7 ingase idinge ukuthi iqine kakhulu kuneyodwa esetshenziselwa imisebenzi yesikhashana.
Ukubuyekezwa ngokucophelela kwalawa maphuzu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye efanele ikhethwa. Lokhu kukhuthala kuvimbela amaphutha abizayo kanye nokwehla kwesistimu ngemva kokuthenga iphampu yegiya.
Ukulinganisa kahle iphampu yegiya kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesistimu ye-hydraulic nempilo ende. Unjiniyela ulandela inqubo ecacile yokufeza lokhu.
Baqala ngokubala ukufuduka okudingekayo namandla amahhashi.
Okulandelayo, bahlunga lezi zibalo ukuze zisebenze kahle, i-viscosity, nezinga lokushisa.
Ekugcineni, bathenga iphampu kumphakeli onedumela elihle njengo-HONYTA noma u-Parker elifana ncamashí nokucaciswa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-29-2025